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黑龍江工程學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)
摘 要
去年以來，我國專用車市場取得較好的經(jīng)營業(yè)績，全國395家改裝車企業(yè)改裝汽車23.06萬輛，銷售23.05萬輛。自卸汽車27125輛，占總量的11.76％。其中輕型農(nóng)用自卸車占據(jù)了很大比重，因?yàn)槲覈寝r(nóng)業(yè)大國，因此輕型農(nóng)用自卸車是具有中國特色的“國情車”，主要應(yīng)用地區(qū)是廣大農(nóng)村，消費(fèi)對象是廣大農(nóng)民，功能是以縣、鄉(xiāng)級道路短途運(yùn)輸為主，其他作業(yè)為輔，專門為鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)道路設(shè)計(jì)。
本人通過對市場上出現(xiàn)的各種輕型農(nóng)用自卸汽車的車廂和舉升機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了較詳細(xì)地了解，確認(rèn)了輕型農(nóng)用自卸車廂和舉升機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)方案，較好地解決了自卸車設(shè)計(jì)和制造成本較高的問題，給生產(chǎn)、改裝自卸汽車的生產(chǎn)企業(yè)提供了一種新思路。本文首先對自卸車的設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)以及國內(nèi)外發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀做了相關(guān)的概述。接著，從車廂的設(shè)計(jì)、舉升機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)、液壓系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)等方面進(jìn)行了EQ3040B自卸車的總體設(shè)計(jì)。其中，車廂設(shè)計(jì)主要有外形及自動開閉機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)計(jì)，舉升機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)中對舉升機(jī)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了運(yùn)動分析和受力分析，然后在液壓系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)中，對其工作原理進(jìn)行了說明并通過計(jì)算得出合理的液壓裝置。最后對自卸車副車架進(jìn)行了設(shè)計(jì)。
關(guān)鍵字：自卸汽車 ；車廂 ；副車架；舉升機(jī)構(gòu)；液壓系統(tǒng)
ABSTRACT
Since last year, our country private truck market has obtained the good management achievement, the national 395 stock truck enterprises re-equips automobile 230,600, sells 230,500.Dump truck 27125, account for the total quantity 11.76%.Light truck farm which occupied a large proportion, because China is a large agricultural country, agricultural truck is so light with Chinese characteristics "national truck", the main application area is the vast rural areas, consumption is the broad masses of peasants, function based on the county, township roads mainly short-haul transport, other operations as a supplement, designed specifically for township roads.
I appeared on the market through a variety of light agricultural vehicle dump body and the lifting of a more detailed understanding, confirmed the light compartment and the lifting of agricultural dump body design, a better solution to the design of a dump truck and the problem of higher manufacturing costs for production and modification of the production truck with a new idea. In this paper, the design features of the dump truck, as well as the development of the status quo at home and abroad to do an overview of the relevant. Then, from inside the design of the lifting body design, hydraulic system design aspects of the design truck EQ3040B. Among them, the inside design of the main form and automatic opening and closing body design, the design of lifting mechanism of the lifting mechanism for the motion analysis and force analysis, and then in the hydraulic system design, its working principle are described by come up with a reasonable calculation of the hydraulic device. Finally, Vice-frame dump truck has been designed.
Key words：Dump truck; Compartment; Sub-frame; Lifting mechanism; Hydraulic system
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