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摘要 夾具是現如今機械制造業(yè)應用的最廣泛的加工工藝之一，因為它使得制造業(yè)的生產力有了顯著地提升，科技的迅速向前發(fā)展使得夾具在現代機械制造業(yè)的地位愈發(fā)的重要，這其中銑床半軸夾具是在銑床上對軸進行操作時所使用的夾具。銑床半軸夾具的設計需要有很長的準備期。對于機械零件的精度，對軸的定位的影響很大。所以，這是一件重要并且麻煩的事，只有專業(yè)的技術人員才能熟練地操作。 在現代的產品生產流程過程當中，對于夾具的精度，強度，還有剛度的標準要求的高低，對夾具的使用得穩(wěn)定性和可靠性大小，工作效率高低都會對產品的產生以及產品的加工質量有著很大的影響。所以，首先了解什么是夾具，夾具是用來干什么用的，明白了這些之后就應該開始著手于準備相應的夾具設計，經過一段周期的準備工作之后就得開始將工件裝卡在所設計出的專用夾具之中開始檢驗定位，定位無誤之后進行詳細的誤差具體分析，同時還得對加工精度做出保證，最后在計算出夾緊力的大小和夾緊位置和點數?，F如今，機械制造工業(yè)已經從最初的一種品種、大量生產成功的轉型到了今天很多品種、小批次、個性化制造，小批量多品種的生產，特別值得一提是在數控加工中得到了很好的應用，在成批生產中代替專用夾具率為35%左右，甚至是高達55%左右，所以傳統(tǒng)夾具也已經不再適用現代的機械制造行業(yè)，但是夾具是任何工件的產生所不可或缺的一種加工工藝的設備，所以基于此發(fā)明了組合夾具這一種新型加工工藝設備，組合夾具設計是現代制造業(yè)夾具設計具有一定程度上的通用性，便于拆裝，以應對不同工序，不同類型的機床，綜上所述，組合夾具的設計是現代夾具制造業(yè)夾具設計的最佳選擇。 與此同時，在現代的制造業(yè)當中夾具有著非常多的樣式和類型以及它們都有著自己各自獨特的應用的領域，所以現在要進行夾具的設計的話，大多數往往都是憑借有著長期而又豐富的工作經驗的工作人員來當設計人員參與設計，所以不同的設計人員，不同的設計小組，因為有著不同的工作經驗和閱歷，往往設計出來的夾具也會有所不同，夾具的設計方案相比于之前在針對傳統(tǒng)的夾具的設計當中所存在的一些問題與難題會一一的被現代制造業(yè)的技術的提升和工作人員素質與知識水平的提高所解決的。即便是萬一出現報廢的情況的話，也完全可以進行補救；技術層次薄弱的問題，提高企業(yè)的工藝裝備的使用系數。 關鍵詞：夾具設計；定位；夾緊力；組合夾具 Abstract fixture design is one of the most widely used processing manufacturing now, and the science, technology development quickly make fixture in the status of modern mechanical manufacturing industry more and more important ,the time of the shaft to operate , clamp, milling machine axle shaft fixture looks be like simple, actually is not have so long time to prepare. For precision mechanical parts, is a great influence on axial positioning. So this is an important and troublesome, can only be skilled professional and technical personnel to operate. in the modern production process, for the precision of the fixtures, intensity, and the standard requirements of high and low stiffness stability and reliability of the use of fixture, the low for the product and the product quality has impact .So, first to understand what is a fixture, it is used to do what, after I see these should start to prepare the corresponding fixture design, after in the design of special fixture on inspection location, locate and correct after specific, while pledged to processing precision, finally calculate the clamping force and the clamping position and the size of the points. In the design , drilling is an important and troublesome thing, only skilled technicians can accurate hole drilling system.?As a result, a large number of production?or require parts must be interchangeable, the most effective drilling methods, is to make the recruitment mode, namely the drilling special fixture. Nowadays, mechanical manufacturing has from the original manufacturing , the success of mass production transformation by today, building modular fixture library by using Excel table-driven technology. Based on this, The virtual assembly of moduIar fixture was made for the typical process of one typicaI components.many varieties, small batch more varieties, especially in the machining got very good application, instead of special fixture in the batch production rate was about 35%, or even as high as 55%, so the traditional jig also is no longer applicable in modern manufacturing, any art artifacts produced by a kind of the processing equipment man , so than invented the modular fixture based on the this a new process ting technology equipment, so that what modular fixture design is a modern manufacturing fixture easy to tear open out fit, in reason response to tools about above all, the design of modular fixture is the best choice for modern fixture design. In modern manufacturing industry, meanwhile, has very many style and types of jig and they all have their own independent field and scope of application, so now is for the design of fixture , most often with a long and rich work experience in personnel as design personnel to participate in the design, so the design of the different people, different design teams because of the different working with experience and experience, design the fixture will be different, fixture design, the method will be more flexible ,so, before the research in traditional fixture design of some problems and different difficult to do the manufacturing technology and staff quality and knowledge level of ascension to solve .even scrapped one thousand happen, also can remedy completely, moreover can also remedy completely, moreover can also solve the small and medium enterprise because of the lack of process equipment design and manufacture ability. Key word: grip design; fixed position; clamp force; built-up jig 目 錄 引言 1 第一章銑床半軸夾具的目的、意義和要求 2 1.1 銑床半軸夾具的設計目的 2 1.2 銑床半軸夾具的設計意義 2 1.3 銑床半軸夾具的設計要求 3 1.4 銑床夾具的應用及發(fā)展狀況 4 第二章銑床半軸夾具的定位 6 2.1 描述銑床半軸夾具的定位 6 2.2 銑床半軸夾具的定位誤差分析 9 第三章夾緊力的計算 11 3.1 夾緊方式及夾緊裝置的作用 11 3.2 確定夾緊力時應考慮的計算系數 13 3.3 夾緊力的數值計算 15 3.4 夾緊點的位置與數目 17 第四章銑床半軸夾具的設計圖 18 4.1 銑床半軸夾具的裝配圖及其簡單說明 18 4.2 銑床半軸夾具V型零件圖及說明 19 4.3 銑床半軸夾具圖及說明 22 第五章結論 23 參考文獻 24 致謝 25