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摘要 隨著我國科技建設的不斷推進 我國在生產(chǎn)等各個領域的建設 規(guī)模也在不斷擴大 同時促進了我國機械化建設水平的提高 所以 先進的機械設備將會成為促進施工速度的重要保障 同時也是保障 工程質(zhì)量的物質(zhì)保證 起重機械在煤礦 碼頭等實現(xiàn)機械化 自動化 以及提高勞動生產(chǎn)量方面發(fā)揮了重要作用 起重機械一般以間歇 重 復的方法進行工作 取物裝置的起升 下降或者平移等完成運送貨物 在工作進行中 工作范圍相對來說較大 且危險因素較多 因此 在起重機的設計 制造過程中 設計參數(shù)和設計要素就 相對重要 主要設計參考的幾個要素包括 起重繩索 絞車及錨碇 輪胎起重機和汽車起重機 纜索起重機 樁基 構(gòu)件裝卸運輸與堆 放等 設備管理是企業(yè)經(jīng)營的重要環(huán)節(jié) 通過各種技術 經(jīng)濟和組織等 措施 對現(xiàn)有設備進行規(guī)劃 設計 使用 維修 改造 直至完全報廢 等全過程的管理 我國對安全生產(chǎn)方面一直都相當重視 但是在執(zhí)行和客觀的條 件方面都有許多不確定的不安全因素 尤其是在人為方面 由于生 產(chǎn)者忽視安全生產(chǎn)的作用 往往會造成很大的安全事故 我們應該 從這些相當重大的生產(chǎn)事故中吸取教訓 防患于未然 最根本的最 重要的就是從起重機械的設計和管理等一些方面做起 保證產(chǎn)品的 質(zhì)量 盡量減少事故的發(fā)生 關鍵詞 起升機構(gòu) 小車運行機構(gòu) 門式起重機 Abstract With the continuous advance of China s economic construction manufacturing and other areas of the building are getting bigger while promoting improvement in the level of mechanization Therefore advanced machinery and equipment has become an important guarantee to promote the construction speed but also ensure the quality of the material guarantee Lifting machinery in the mines docks and other mechanization automation and improve labor productivity has played an important role Lifting generally intermittent repetitive approach to work extract lifting devices down or panning etc to achieve delivery of goods In the course of their work the scope of work is relatively large and a lot of risk factors So in crane design manufacturing process design parameters and design elements is quite important the main design elements of reference include lifting rope all kinds of pulleys winches and anchor mast truck crane stack components such as transportation and handling Device management is an important part of business through a variety of technical economic and organizational measures for existing equipment planning design manufacture installation use maintenance alteration until the retirement of the whole process of management Management objective is to obtain a better job running effect that is we should give full play to the effectiveness of the device but also the pursuit cycle cost of the most economical Our country has always attached great importance to production safety but in the execution command and objective conditions there are many uncertain factors of insecurity especially in human terms because producers ignore the role of production safety often cause significant security incidents We should start with the production of these major accidents learn and take preventive measures the most important of the most fundamental is from the crane design manufacture use and management to start a series of aspects to ensure product quality as far as possible reduce accidents construction mechanization and automation are also rising with this adaptation of crane technology is developing rapidly increasing product range range more widely Key Words Hoisting mechanism Trolley run institutions Gantry crane 目 錄 第一章 引言 1 1 1 門式起重機的用途以及工作特點 1 1 2 門式起重機分類及其應用 1 1 3 門式起重機的主要參數(shù) 2 1 4 門式起重機的表示方法 3 1 5 門式起重機的選用 3 1 6 門式起重機的傳動過程和工作原理 4 1 7 門式起重機國內(nèi)外研究歷史與現(xiàn)狀 4 1 8 本次起重機設計的結(jié)構(gòu)圖 5 第二章計算 6 2 1 載荷情況 6 2 1 1 正常的載荷 6 2 1 2 工作最大載荷 7 2 1 3 非工作最大載荷 7 2 2 起重機設計算依據(jù) 8 2 2 1 起重機設計依據(jù) 8 2 2 2 起重機設計參數(shù) 8 2 3 起重機截面特性設計計算 9 2 31 主梁截面幾何設計 9 2 3 2 支腿截面特性 10 2 4 主梁設計計算及校核 12 2 4 1 主梁計算載荷與內(nèi)力 12 2 4 2 主梁強度計算 16 2 4 3 主梁工字鋼下翼緣局部集中應力 161x z2xz3 2 4 4 合成應力 17 2 5 支腿設計計算及校核 19 2 5 1 支腿幾何參數(shù) 19 2 5 2 支腿強度計算 20 2 5 3 主梁剛度計算 23 結(jié)束語 24 致謝 25 參考文獻 26 附錄 27