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狀語(yǔ)從句 http://www.sina.com.cn 2004/12/15 14:59 新浪教育 　　英語(yǔ)中的狀語(yǔ)從句共有九類，這些狀語(yǔ)從句各有其引導(dǎo)詞，有的引導(dǎo)詞又可以引導(dǎo)不同的類型的狀語(yǔ)從句，其詳細(xì)用法如下。 　　1. 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句：由when, whenever, as, while, after, as soon as , till (until), since, once(一旦)等指導(dǎo)。 　　2. 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句：由where, wherever引導(dǎo)。 　　3. 原因狀語(yǔ)從句：由because, as, since, now that等引導(dǎo)。 　　4. 目的狀語(yǔ)從句：由that, so that, in order that, for fear that(唯恐，以免), lest, in case(以防，免得)等引導(dǎo)。 　　5. 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句：由that, so that, so...that, such… that等引導(dǎo)。 　　6. 條件狀語(yǔ)從句：由if unless, as long as, in case (that) (如果，萬(wàn)一)等引導(dǎo)。 　　7. 方式狀語(yǔ)從句：由as (如，像)和as if／though引導(dǎo)。 　　8. 比較狀語(yǔ)從句：由as…as，not so (as)…as, than等引導(dǎo)。 　　9. 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句：由though, although, as (雖然，盡管), even if／though, whoever, whatever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however, no matter who／ what／which／when／where／how, whether等引導(dǎo)。 　　直擊高考 　　1. The WTO cannot live up to its name ____ it does not include a country that is home to one fifth of mankind. (NMET 2000) 　　A. as long as B. while C. if D. even though 　　2. The men will have to wait all day ____ the doctor works faster. (NMET 2001春) 　　A. if B. unless C. whether D. that 　　3. —Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? 　　—Yes, I gave it to her_____ I saw her. (NMET2001春) 　　A. while B. the moment C. suddenly D. once 　　4. Don’t be afraid of asking for help it is needed. (NMET2003) 　　A. unless B. since C. althoughD. when 　　5. —Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? 　　—Yes. He had never praised him____ he became one of the top students in his grade. (2003北京) 　　A. after B unless C. until D. when 　　6. We were swimming in the lake _______ suddenly the storm started. 　　A. whenB. while C. untilD. before 　　7. _______ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. (2004北京春) 　　A. As long asB. As far as C. Just as D. Even if 　　8. Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up ___ I could answer the phone. (NMET2000) 　　A. as B. since C. until D. before 　　答案與分析 　　1. C 此題考查連詞。A意為“只要”，B為“當(dāng)……時(shí)”或“然而”，C為“如果”，D為“即使”。本句譯為：如果WTO不接收一個(gè)擁有世界人口五分之一的國(guó)家，它就愧對(duì)它的名字。 　　2. B此題是連詞unless引起一個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的用法。根據(jù)題意，“如果醫(yī)生不快點(diǎn)工作的話，人們就會(huì)等上一整天”，只有B合意。 　　3. B此題考查the moment 作連詞的用法。它表示“—……就……”，相當(dāng)于 “as soon as…”的含義。根據(jù)句意，只能選B, While所連的句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞必須是延續(xù)性的。 　　4. D本題考查從屬連詞的用法。unless相當(dāng)于if …not,引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。since引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示“自從……以來(lái)”；引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，表示“因?yàn)?，既然”。although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“雖然、盡管”。A、B、C各項(xiàng)填入空白均與語(yǔ)境不符。此空應(yīng)填when，表示條件，相當(dāng)于 if, 意為 “如果，假如”。故答案為D。 　　5. C我們極易錯(cuò)選B。unless表達(dá)的是一種條件，意思是“除非……”，如I will never go to his birthday party unless he invites me. 在本句中he invites me是條件，go to his birthday party是結(jié)果。解題時(shí)我們要注意空前的had never praised用的是過(guò)去完成時(shí)，它表達(dá)的是發(fā)生在became前的動(dòng)作，因此這是一組先后的動(dòng)作，而不是條件。never…until意思是“直到……才”，相當(dāng)于not … until。本句的意思是“直到他成為年級(jí)最好的學(xué)生之一，他父親才表?yè)P(yáng)他。”故答案是C。 　　6. A be about to do…when為固定搭配，意思是“正要做某事，就在這時(shí)……”。 　　7. B As far as I can see為狀語(yǔ)從句，意思是“根據(jù)我能看到的”。A有一定干擾性，as long as意思是“如果”，不合題意。 　　8. D before在這里與情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用，表達(dá)“沒有來(lái)得及”的意思。 　　專項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練 　　1. He’s got himself into a dangerous situation____ he is likely to lost control over the plane. 　　A. where B. which C. while D. why 　　2. Information has been put forward____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities 　　A. while B. that C. when D. as 　　3. ____ air is to man, so is water to fish. 　　A. Since B. Just C. Like D. As 　　4. There is plenty of rain in the south_____ there is little in the north. 　　A. while B. as C. when D. so 　　5. —I don’t like chicken ____ fish. 　　—I don’t like chicken, ____ I like fish very much. 　　A. and; and B. and; but C. or; but D. or ; and 　　6. _____the days went on, the situation there got worse. 　　A. With B. Since C. While D. As 　　7. ____ everybody is here, here, let’s set out right away. 　　A. Now that B. Because. C. For D. After 　　8. _____I know, they will go to Beijing to watch the Olympic Games in 2008. 　　A. Since B. So far as C. In case D. As if 　　9. You should put the dictionary____ you can find it easily. 　　A. where B. the place C. the place on which D. what 　　10. She said to me, “I’ll tell you the result of test ____ I know it.” 　　A. because B. the moment C. after D. though 　　11. Grandpa used to tell us something about the “Cultural Revolution”____ he had time to spare. 　　A. as soon as B. as C. so that D. whenever 　　12. Li Fang is very busy, ____ she’s always helping others with their lessons. 　　A. but B. although C. so D. for 　　13. Getting a right job can be difficult ____ the students ____prepared to deal with the job interview. 　　A. if; won’t B. unless; will C. unless; are D. if; are 　　14. It’s really very dangerous. One more step, ____ the baby will fall into the well. 　　A. or B. so C. but D. and 　　15. She is American, _____she knows little about American history. 　　A. so B. yet C. and D. therefore 　　16. Information technology is taught in most schools, ____ we have entered the information society. 　　A. so B. while C. still D. for 　　17. It was quite a long time ____ I made it out what had happened. 　　A. after B. before C. when D. since 　　18. ____ the text a second time, the meaning will become clearer to you. 　　A. Read B. Reading C. If reading D. When you read 　　19. ____, so he didn’t come to school last week. 　　A. Though he was ill B. Being ill C. Having been ill D. He was ill 　　20. ____ you go, you should bear the motherland in mind. 　　A. Where B. Whenever C. However D. Wherever 　　答案與分析 　　1. A 題中a dangerous situation是表示地點(diǎn)概念的名詞，故其后要用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 　　2. B 題意：更多的中學(xué)生畢業(yè)后將進(jìn)入大學(xué)的信息已被提出來(lái)了。由于主句用了被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，抽象名詞information本提前；主句后應(yīng)是說(shuō)明information的具體內(nèi)容的同位語(yǔ)從句，從句中無(wú)須添加任何成分，故用that引導(dǎo)。 　　3. D 由as, just as引導(dǎo)的方式狀語(yǔ)從句，有時(shí)也可放在句首，主句前常加so與之呼應(yīng)，以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣，而且用倒裝語(yǔ)序。本句可譯為：空氣對(duì)于人，猶如水對(duì)于魚。 　　4. A while意為“而，卻”，表示兩者的對(duì)比，這時(shí)它引導(dǎo)的是并列分句。 　　5. C 在否定句中，并列成分的連接通常用or , 構(gòu)成完全否定；答語(yǔ)中前后兩分句是一種轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故用but連接。 　　6. D as the days went on=with the days going on 意為“隨著日子一天天過(guò)去?！? 　　7. A now (that) 在此表示原因，意為“既然，由于”；because表示對(duì)方不知道的原因；for 表示原因時(shí)，是并列連詞，應(yīng)放于句中。 　　8. B so far as I know意為“據(jù)我所知”。 　　9. A 此處where引導(dǎo)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。 　　10. B the moment意為“一……就”，相當(dāng)于as soon as。類似用法的連詞還有: the minute/ instant; instantly/ immediately/ directly等。 　　11. D 本題考查時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“無(wú)論何時(shí)”，因此用whenever (=no matter when)來(lái)引導(dǎo)從句。 　　12. A 根據(jù)題意應(yīng)用連詞but表示轉(zhuǎn)折。 　　13. C unless表示“除非，如果不”；be prepared to do 意為“準(zhǔn)備好做某事”。 　　14. D 本句為祈使句+and/ or并列分句的句型。One more step= Walk one more step。 　　15. B yet用作并列連詞，可以表示轉(zhuǎn)折或?qū)φ?，意為“但是，然而”。與but相比語(yǔ)氣稍弱。 　　16. D for 用作并列連詞，連接兩個(gè)并列分句，后一分句起對(duì)前一分句進(jìn)行一步解釋或推斷的作用。 　　17. B 在 “It+ be+時(shí)間名詞+before/ since-從句”句型中，連詞before 與since極易混淆。用before引導(dǎo)時(shí)，句意是“過(guò)了多久才……”，主句中的be動(dòng)詞為過(guò)去時(shí)或?qū)?lái)時(shí)態(tài)；用since引導(dǎo)時(shí)，其句意是“自從……以來(lái)已經(jīng)多久了”，主句中的be動(dòng)詞多為現(xiàn)在時(shí)(或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí))或一般過(guò)去時(shí)(此時(shí)since-從句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 　　18. D 選A項(xiàng)。錯(cuò)誤在于分句間缺少并列連詞；選B項(xiàng)，錯(cuò)誤在于主句的主語(yǔ)并非reading的邏輯主語(yǔ)。 　　19. D so連接表示因果關(guān)系的并列句。 　　20. D 題意為“無(wú)論走到哪里，都要牢記祖國(guó)母親”。wherever引導(dǎo)讓步從句。