588_重型自卸車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)(底盤(pán)設(shè)計(jì))（有cad圖）,重型,卸車(chē),設(shè)計(jì),底盤(pán),cad 車(chē)輛與動(dòng)力工程學(xué)院畢業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明書(shū) 重型自卸車(chē)設(shè)計(jì)（底盤(pán)設(shè)計(jì)） 摘要 此次設(shè)計(jì)的非公路自卸車(chē)適應(yīng)于多種特定用途，是土方運(yùn)輸和各種露天礦剝巖、沙土運(yùn)輸?shù)慕?jīng)濟(jì)、高效、低耗的運(yùn)輸設(shè)備。該車(chē)具有為適應(yīng)重載工況而特殊設(shè)計(jì)的懸掛系統(tǒng)、加強(qiáng)型寬體驅(qū)動(dòng)橋、14.00-24型寬大工程輪胎，使該車(chē)具有超強(qiáng)承載能力，同時(shí)提供了超強(qiáng)的附著能力，保證了車(chē)輛的制動(dòng)穩(wěn)定性和良好的通過(guò)性，采用了大速比工程驅(qū)動(dòng)橋，其輸出轉(zhuǎn)矩比同功率公路車(chē)大30%以上，爬坡能力強(qiáng)勁，重載起步順暢。 本說(shuō)明書(shū)主要是對(duì)KD6400整車(chē)總體布置做了一個(gè)詳細(xì)的說(shuō)明，其中包括整車(chē)主要尺寸（長(zhǎng)*寬*高），前后軸距，輪距，軸荷分配的選擇和計(jì)算以及各總成（發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)，傳動(dòng)系）的主要參數(shù)的選擇。 特別對(duì)整車(chē)的動(dòng)力性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性做了比較全面而細(xì)致的分析和計(jì)算，對(duì)動(dòng)力性分析時(shí)，分別作出了驅(qū)動(dòng)力—行駛阻力平衡圖，動(dòng)力特性圖，功率平衡圖。求出汽車(chē)的最大速度，另外也對(duì)汽車(chē)在不同的路面上行駛時(shí)，分別計(jì)算出了其最大爬坡度，并根據(jù)加速度倒數(shù)曲線求出汽車(chē)的加速時(shí)間，估算了該車(chē)的加速性能。在計(jì)算汽車(chē)的經(jīng)濟(jì)性時(shí)，根據(jù)發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)萬(wàn)有特性曲線，作出了9擋時(shí)的燃油消耗曲線，同時(shí)計(jì)算得整車(chē)的百公里燃油消耗量。通過(guò)計(jì)算結(jié)果顯示，此汽車(chē)在動(dòng)力性和經(jīng)濟(jì)性方面滿(mǎn)足了設(shè)計(jì)任務(wù)書(shū)的要求。 另外本文也對(duì)汽車(chē)的穩(wěn)定性和最小轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑做了計(jì)算和分析，并根據(jù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)估算出了空載和滿(mǎn)載時(shí)汽車(chē)的質(zhì)心位置以及軸荷分配。 關(guān)鍵詞：承載能力，附著能力，制動(dòng)穩(wěn)定性，通過(guò)性，動(dòng)力性，經(jīng)濟(jì)性 V DESIGN OF HEAVE –DUTY DUMP (CHASSIS DESIGN) ABSTRAC The non –highway heavy-duty dump truck of this design can adapt many kinds of given purpose.It is an economical,efficient and low useful conveyance for hillock transport,sand transport and all kind of outdoor mineral.It has especially desingned suspension system,strengthen widen project driving axle and 14-24type big wide project tales,this cause the truck possess preeminent bearing,at the same time ,this kind of tale can cause big climbing force,assuring the truck has brake stability and good transition.It is counted high rate riving axle,its output torque is 30 point bigger than the road vehicle which are at the same power. This book mainly give an expatiation about the vehicle general layout of the heavy dumper KD6400,including the vehicle dimensions(long*wide*high),the distribution of axle load in front and back ,the choice and calculation about the main parameter of the vehicle’s main components(engine,transmission)and so on. Especially in the dynamic property and economic performance,we give an overall and meticulo us analysis and calculation .In the dynamic property ,we made the driving force-road resistance equilibrium diagram,the dynamic factor diagram and the power balance diagram.From those diagram,we can get the maximum speed.We also calculated the maximum grade ability at different road ,according the acceleration curve:we can get the accelerating ability.According to the engine-cross sectional characteristic diagram,we made the fule consumption of 100km. In fact,the vehicle’s main parameters all come to the misson book ‘request. Morever ,we made an anlysis and calculation of the stability and minimum turning radius and estimated the distribution of axle load when there is no load and full load and the position of the vehicle’s center of mass. Key words:carrying capacity, adhesive ability, braking stability, trafficability characteristic, power performance, economical efficiency. 目 錄 第一章 前言………………………………………………………………………………...1 第二章 參考車(chē)型技術(shù)數(shù)據(jù)……………………………………………………………...3 第三章 汽車(chē)主要技術(shù)參數(shù)的確定…………………………………………………….4 §3.1 汽車(chē)主要尺寸的確定……………………………………………………………...4 §3.2 汽車(chē)質(zhì)量參數(shù)的確定……………………………………………………………...5 §3.3 發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)主要參數(shù)…………………………………………………………………...6 §3.4 輪胎的選擇………………………………………………………………………...7 §3.5 傳動(dòng)比的選取……………………………………………………………………...7 §3.6 最大傳動(dòng)比的選取…………………………………………………………….......8 §3.7 變速器各擋傳動(dòng)比………………………………………………………………...9 第四章 軸荷分配及質(zhì)心位置的計(jì)算………………………………………………..10 §4.1 水平靜止時(shí)的軸荷分配及質(zhì)心位置的計(jì)算……………………………………..10 §4.2 汽車(chē)行駛時(shí)的軸荷分配的計(jì)算…………………………………………………..12 §4.3 汽車(chē)制動(dòng)時(shí)的軸荷分配的計(jì)算………………………………………………….13 第五章 穩(wěn)定性計(jì)算…………………………………………………………..14 §5.1 縱向穩(wěn)定性……………………………………………………………………….14 §5.2 橫向穩(wěn)定性……………………………………………………………………….14 §5.3 最小轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑的計(jì)算…………………………………………………………….14 §5.4 在橫向坡上轉(zhuǎn)向時(shí)的穩(wěn)定性…………………………………………………….15 第六章 汽車(chē)動(dòng)力性計(jì)算…………………………………………………………….....16 §6.1 汽車(chē)各擋速度的計(jì)算……………………………………………………………16 §6.2 汽車(chē)各擋驅(qū)動(dòng)力的計(jì)算…………………………………………………………16 §6.3 汽車(chē)空氣阻力的計(jì)算……………………………………………………………17 §6.4 滾動(dòng)阻力系數(shù)的計(jì)算……………………………………………………………18 §6.5 汽車(chē)行駛時(shí)動(dòng)力因數(shù)D的計(jì)算………………………………………………...19 §6.6 各擋牽引功率Pe的計(jì)算………………………………………………………..19 §6.7 阻力功率的計(jì)算…………………………………………………………………20 §6.8 汽車(chē)加速度的計(jì)算………………………………………………………………21 §6.9 加速度倒數(shù)的計(jì)算………………………………………………………………22 §6.10 汽車(chē)爬坡度的計(jì)算………………………………………………………………22 第七章 汽車(chē)的燃油經(jīng)濟(jì)性…………………………………………………………....24 第八章 結(jié)論………………………………………………………………………………26 參考文獻(xiàn)…………………………………………………………………………………..27 致謝………………………………………………………………………………………...28