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高一英語(yǔ)必修四Module6 教學(xué)目的 1. 掌握本單元的重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)和單詞用法。 2. 掌握情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done的用法。 3. 學(xué)會(huì)用所學(xué)的句子做書(shū)面表達(dá)。 重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn) 1. 單詞意思和短語(yǔ)辨析。 2. 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)點(diǎn)和句子組成。 3. 如何將一些簡(jiǎn)單的句子用于書(shū)面表達(dá)中。 教學(xué)內(nèi)容 課前回顧 回顧Module5的重點(diǎn)詞匯、短語(yǔ)表達(dá)， 回顧Module5的課文內(nèi)容，嘗試用英語(yǔ)說(shuō)出課文主要信息。課本內(nèi)容 課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求掌握的項(xiàng)目 話題：Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World 詞匯：grey，creature，mysterious，claim，footprint，hairy，frightening，frightened，fright，exist，sharp，sighting，unlikely，disappear，extinct，evolve，destruction，destroy 功能：Talking about possibility and improbability 語(yǔ)法：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done的用法。 重點(diǎn)知識(shí) 1. attack v. 襲擊；攻擊；(疾病)侵襲 n. 攻擊；抨擊；病情發(fā)作(可數(shù)名詞) 【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】 ①I(mǎi)t often gets angry and will attack anyone who goes close to it. 它很容易發(fā)怒并會(huì)攻擊任何靠近它的人。 ②The baby is in poor health, and it is often attacked with a disease. 嬰兒的身體狀況很差，經(jīng)常患病。 ③The soldiers made a strong attack on the enemy. 戰(zhàn)士們向敵人發(fā)起猛烈進(jìn)攻。 ④A deputy died of a heart attack during the meeting. 大會(huì)期間一名代表因心臟病去世。 【歸納拓展】 attack sb. with sth. 用某物攻擊某人 be attacked with a disease 患病 make an attack on 攻擊 under attack 受到攻擊 a heart attack 心臟病突發(fā) 【即學(xué)活用】完成句子。 ①她開(kāi)始用一塊木頭猛打進(jìn)屋行竊的小偷。 She started _________ the burglar with a piece of wood. ②我們又一次遭到敵人戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)的襲擊。 Once again we came ______ ______ from the enemy’s fighter planes. ③If you were ______ in the street, would you be able to defend yourself? A. destroyed B. attacked C. advised D. killed 2. claim vt. 聲稱(chēng)；(根據(jù)權(quán)利)要求；認(rèn)領(lǐng) vi. 要求；聲稱(chēng) n. (根據(jù)權(quán)利而提出的)要求；索賠；主張；斷言 【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】 ①Xue Junlin,a local photographer, claimed that its head looked like a horse. 薛軍林,一位當(dāng)?shù)氐臄z影師,聲稱(chēng)那個(gè)怪獸的頭看起來(lái)像馬。 ②She claimed to have ever been met by the president. ＝She claimed that she had ever been met by the president. 她宣稱(chēng)曾被總統(tǒng)接見(jiàn)過(guò)。 ③It is claimed that soap powders pollute the water we drink. 據(jù)說(shuō)肥皂粉污染我們的飲用水。 ④They made a claim for the stolen luggage from the insurance. 他們?cè)谛欣畋煌岛笙虮ｋU(xiǎn)公司提出索賠要求。 【歸納拓展】 【即學(xué)活用】完成句子。 ①他們聲稱(chēng)已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)了治療此病的一種藥物，但此事尚未得 到證實(shí)。 They claimed _______________________________________ a cure for the disease, but this had not yet been proved. ②有人認(rèn)領(lǐng)這個(gè)錢(qián)包嗎？ Has anyone ______________ this purse? ③要求他賠償2 000美元的損失。 __________________________ for damage. 3．calm adj. 平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的 v. (使)平靜；(使)鎮(zhèn)定 【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】 ①You should keep calm even in the face of danger. 即使面臨危險(xiǎn), 你也應(yīng)當(dāng)保持鎮(zhèn)靜。 ②Her attempts to calm them down only made matters worse. 她設(shè)法使他們平靜下來(lái), 不料卻適得其反。 【歸納拓展】 keep calm 保持鎮(zhèn)靜 calm down 平靜下來(lái);鎮(zhèn)靜下來(lái) 【易混辨析】 calm 主要指氣候、海洋等風(fēng)平浪靜的；也可指人“安靜的，鎮(zhèn)靜的” keep calm保持鎮(zhèn)靜；不慌張 quiet 指沒(méi)有吵鬧、嘈雜的聲音，也可指人性格安靜 keep quiet保持安靜 still 指保持某種姿勢(shì)一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，也可以指環(huán)境的安靜 keep still保持靜止 silent 強(qiáng)調(diào)“沒(méi)有聲音或默不作聲” keep silent保持沉默 【即學(xué)活用】用calm/quiet/still/silent填空。 When facing danger, we should keep _____;when taken photos, we should keep ____;when someone else is asleep, we should keep _____;but in class, we shouldn’t keep _____ about the teacher’s questions. 我們面對(duì)危險(xiǎn)時(shí)應(yīng)保持鎮(zhèn)靜；照相時(shí)要保持不動(dòng)；當(dāng)其他人睡覺(jué)時(shí)應(yīng)保持安靜；但是在課堂上，對(duì)老師的問(wèn)題不應(yīng)保持沉默。 4. cover vt. 占地多大(面積) 【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】 ①I(mǎi)t is 2,189 metres high and covers an area of about ten square kilometres. 它大約有2 189米高，占地約10平方千米。 ②She covered her face with her hands. 她雙手掩面。 ③I’ll send our best reporters to cover the 2016 Olympic Games. 我要派我們最優(yōu)秀的記者去采訪2016年奧運(yùn)會(huì)。 ④We covered about 30 miles a day. 我們每天大約走三十英里。 【歸納拓展】 【即學(xué)活用】 —Do you have enough money to ______ all your daily expenses? —Oh yes,enough and to spare. A. cover B. spend C. fill D. offer 5. exist vi. 存在；在逆境中生活 【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】 ①Some people in some poor countries receive wages that allow them to exist but not to live. 有些貧困國(guó)家的人民的收入只能勉強(qiáng)維持生計(jì)。 ②Uncertainty and confusion began to exist in the company. 不確定性和混亂在公司里開(kāi)始產(chǎn)生。 ③It was impossible for them to exist on such a small income. 他們要靠這一點(diǎn)收入生活是不可能的。 【歸納拓展】 exist in 存在于…… exist on 靠……生存 existence n. 存在； 生存 come into existence 出現(xiàn)；產(chǎn)生 ④When did the world come into existence? 世界是什么時(shí)候產(chǎn)生的? 幻燈片28 【即學(xué)活用】同義詞替換。 ①I(mǎi) can hardly exist on the wage I’m getting. ______ ②When did the earth come into existence? ______________ ③There is nothing _______ (存在的) that is unchanging. live on come into being existing 幻燈片29 6. dive vi. 潛水，跳水 【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】 ①After three or four hundred metres it dived into the water. 大約游了三四百米后它就扎進(jìn)水里了。 ②He who would search for pearls must dive below. 欲尋珍珠,須潛水下。 ③You dive in first and test the temperature of the water. 你先跳下水試試水溫。 ④The competitors will dive off the highest board. 參賽者將從最高的跳板上跳水。 幻燈片30 ⑤The policeman made a dive for the dropped weapon. 警察撲向掉下的武器。 【歸納拓展】 dive into 跳入；鉆研，埋頭于 dive in 頭朝下跳入水中；開(kāi)始大吃 dive for 潛水尋找……；撲向 dive off 從……跳水/跳下 make a dive for 向……沖去 幻燈片31 【即學(xué)活用】 She dived ______ her bag and took out a couple of coins. A. for B. in C. into D. off 【解析】選C?？疾楣潭ù钆?。句意：她立即將手伸進(jìn)包里拿出幾枚硬幣。 dive into one’s bag(非正式)迅速將手伸入(包或口袋里)。 幻燈片32 7. unlikely adj. 不可能的 【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】 ①They say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures. 他們說(shuō),水溫這樣低的湖泊不可能生存有體形如此巨大的動(dòng)物。 ②It’s too late. He is unlikely to come. 太晚了。他不可能來(lái)了。 ③It is unlikely that he’ll come to help us. 他不可能來(lái)幫助我們。 幻燈片33 【歸納拓展】 (sb. / sth. )be unlikely/likely to do sth. 不可能/可能做某事 It is/was unlikely /likely that. . . 不可能/可能…… 幻燈片34 【即學(xué)活用】完成句子。 ①史蒂芬霍金認(rèn)為地球不可能是僅有的一個(gè)有生命逐漸發(fā)展 的行星。 Stephen Hawking believes that the earth ______________ the only planet where life has developed gradually. is unlikely to be 幻燈片35 ②(2010陜西高考)Studies show that people are more ______ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours. A. likely B. possible C. probable D. sure 8. stick out 伸出；醒目；堅(jiān)持 【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】 ①When the Maoris of New Zealand stick out their tongue at someone, it is a sign of respect. 當(dāng)新西蘭的毛利人對(duì)某人伸舌頭時(shí)是尊敬的表示。 ②What had Cutter done to make him stick out from the crowd?卡特做了些什么，讓他從眾人之中脫穎而出？ 【歸納拓展】 stick out for 堅(jiān)持要求，堅(jiān)持索取 幻燈片37 【即學(xué)活用】根據(jù)語(yǔ)境填空。 ①不要把頭伸到火車(chē)窗外面。 Don’t _____ your head ___ of the train window. ②工人們堅(jiān)決要求提高工資，決心不達(dá)到他們的要求決不罷 休。 The workers ________ for higher wage, and they are determined to ________ until they get their demands. stick out stick out stick out 幻燈片38 9. be back in the news 再次成為新聞 【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】 ①The “Monster of Lake Tianchi” in the Changbai Mountains in Jilin province, northeast China, is back in the news after several recent sightings. 最近幾次露面后，中國(guó)東北吉林省長(zhǎng)白山的“天池怪物”再次成為新聞話題。 幻燈片39 【歸納拓展】 on the news 在廣播或電視新聞中 in the news 成為新聞, 為報(bào)紙所報(bào)道 break the news to sb. 委婉地把壞消息告訴(某人) It is news to sb. 某人還不知道 ②China’s Shenzhou-X manned spacecraft flight to space was on the news at the moment. 新聞上正報(bào)道著中國(guó)“神舟”十號(hào)飛天的事。 ③You must break the news of his mother’s death gently. 你一定要委婉地把他母親去世的消息告訴他。 幻燈片40 【即學(xué)活用】英譯漢。 ①No news, good news. (=No news is good news. ) [諺] _____________________ ②Bad news has wings. [諺] _______________________ ③It is completely news to me that he has a wife. 他有太太？_____________________。 沒(méi)有消息,就是好消息。 好事不出門(mén),壞事傳千里。 這對(duì)我來(lái)說(shuō)可真是新聞 幻燈片41 ④If the journalist finds out the truth, the story will be ______ the news immediately. A. in B. at C. on D. of 【解析】選A?？疾榻樵~。句意：如果記者發(fā)現(xiàn)了事實(shí)真相，這事馬上就成為新聞了。be in the news成為新聞，符合句意。 幻燈片42 10. close up 靠近；靠攏；(使)關(guān)店；(使)閉合；(使)堵住；<非正式>沉默 【語(yǔ)境領(lǐng)悟】 ①There have been reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of the last century, although no one has seen one close up. 自上世紀(jì)以來(lái)，一直就有關(guān)于天池怪物的報(bào)道，盡管還不曾有人近距離目睹過(guò)。 幻燈片43 ②The teacher told the children to close up to each other. 老師讓學(xué)生們互相靠攏些。 ③The summer house has been closed up all year. 這座消夏別墅關(guān)了整整一年。 ④And make it short, because it is time to close up. 簡(jiǎn)短地說(shuō)，正是因?yàn)榭斓酵I(yè)時(shí)間了。 11. He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water. 他聲稱(chēng)看見(jiàn)一個(gè)黑黑的、圓圓的動(dòng)物在水中快速游動(dòng)。 【句式分析】 句中的to have seen是不定式的完成式,表示該動(dòng)作在句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞claim前已經(jīng)發(fā)生并完成。 ①A/The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio. 大部分人似乎喜歡看電視而不喜歡聽(tīng)收音機(jī)。 幻燈片46 ②You’d better tell your father the truth. He seemed to have known the matter. 你最好告訴你父親事情的真相。他好像知道這件事了。 ③My brain doesn’t seem to be working well today. 我的腦筋今天好像不太靈活。 幻燈片47 【易混辨析】 不定式通常有一般式、進(jìn)行式、完成式三種形式: to+動(dòng)詞原形 表示與謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生或發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之后 to be doing 表示與謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作在同一時(shí)間發(fā)生,并且正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作 to have done 表示該動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)作之前 幻燈片48 【即學(xué)活用】用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 ①I(mǎi)n the e-mail, I wrote, “I expect _____ you, my old friend. ” (see) ②He seemed ____________ a novel when I came into the classroom. (read) ③Bob isn’t performing. He is said __________ the stage, as he has become an officer. (leave) to see to be reading to have left 幻燈片49 12. The director of a local tourist office, Meng Fanying, said the monster, which seemed to be black in colour, was ten metres from the edge of the lake during the most recent sighting. 據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)氐穆糜无k公室主任孟凡迎介紹，最近有人看見(jiàn)怪獸就在離湖邊十米的地方，怪物的顏色似乎是黑色的。 幻燈片50 【句式分析】 幻燈片51 (2)seem用法一覽表。 (to be)+形容詞/名詞 好像……，似乎…… seem to do sth. 好像要做，似乎要做某事 like+名詞 像……，似乎是 It seems(to sb. )that. . . (在某人看來(lái))好像……， 仿佛…… It seems as if (as though). . . 看樣子似乎是…… There seems to be. . . 似乎有…… 幻燈片52 ①The green leaves seemed more beautiful after the rain. 綠葉在雨后顯得更美了。 ②He seems to know everything. = It seems that he knows everything. 他似乎什么都知道。 ③It seems like years since we last met. 我們似乎好幾年不見(jiàn)了。 ④It seems (that) he is lying. = He seems to be lying. 看樣子他好像在撒謊。 幻燈片53 【即學(xué)活用】 The engine just won’t start. Something seems ______ wrong with it. A. to go B. to have gone C. going D. having gone 語(yǔ)法與寫(xiě)作 一、基礎(chǔ)點(diǎn)撥 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done的用法歸納: 1. may/might+have done。 表示對(duì)不太把握的過(guò)去情況的可能性推測(cè)，表示“可能/ 大概(已經(jīng))做了某事”的意思。 ﹡Tom may have gone to Shanghai，but I’m still not sure about it. 湯姆可能已經(jīng)去了上海，但是我還不能肯定。 2. can/could+have done。 表示對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)，用于否定句、疑問(wèn)句中，還可以表示“本來(lái)可以做；可能已經(jīng)做”。 ﹡She can’t have been to your house. She doesn’t know your address. 她不可能去過(guò)你家，她不知道你的地址。 ﹡You could have done better，but you were too careless. 你本來(lái)能夠做得更好，但你太粗心了。 3. must+have done。 表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情或行為的較有把握的推測(cè)，是一種“十有八九”的肯定的推斷，常譯為“想必一定；準(zhǔn)是”等。這一結(jié)構(gòu)一般不用作否定式。否定意義的表達(dá)可用can’t/couldn’t have done。 ﹡The ground is rather wet, so it must have rained last night, didn’t it? 地面很濕，所以昨晚一定下雨了，對(duì)不對(duì)？ 4. should/ought to +have done。 表示過(guò)去該做某事而沒(méi)有做的情況，表示說(shuō)話人后悔、遺憾或責(zé)備的語(yǔ)氣。 ﹡I really regret wasting the hours when I should have studied hard，but it is too late. 我真的很后悔該努力學(xué)習(xí)的時(shí)候浪費(fèi)了太多時(shí)間，但現(xiàn)在太晚了。 【名師點(diǎn)津】shouldn’t /oughtn’t to+have done表示過(guò)去不該做某事卻已經(jīng)做了，也表示說(shuō)話人后悔或責(zé)備的語(yǔ)氣。 ﹡You shouldn’t have watched TV last night. 你們昨晚本不應(yīng)該看電視的。 5. needn’t+have done。 表示過(guò)去做了其實(shí)不必去做的事，可譯為“本可不必”等。 ﹡You needn’t have visited my uncle，as he has been all right for a long time. 其實(shí)你不必去探望我叔叔的，因?yàn)樗呀?jīng)痊愈了好長(zhǎng)一段時(shí)間了。 二、難點(diǎn)突破 1. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have done有兩個(gè)主要用法：一是表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)的推測(cè)。二是表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的遺憾或責(zé)備。要關(guān)注兩種用法的差別。 ﹡They left here early and should have arrived by now. (表示推測(cè)) 他們一早就離開(kāi)了這里，現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該到了。 ﹡You should have finished the work yesterday. (表示責(zé)備) 你應(yīng)該昨天就完成工作的。 2. 注意needn’t have done與didn’t need結(jié)構(gòu)的不同。 ﹡She needn’t have come to see me yesterday. 昨天她本可不必來(lái)看我。(實(shí)際上來(lái)了) ﹡She didn’t need to come to see me yesterday. 昨天她不需要來(lái)看我。(實(shí)際上沒(méi)來(lái)) 3. 含有must have done結(jié)構(gòu)句子的反意疑問(wèn)句的構(gòu)成。 ﹡He must have studied English last night,didn’t he? 昨晚他一定學(xué)英語(yǔ)了，是吧？ ﹡She must have heard of this,hasn’t she? 她肯定已經(jīng)聽(tīng)說(shuō)過(guò)這件事了，對(duì)吧？ 【名師點(diǎn)津】當(dāng)含有must have done結(jié)構(gòu)的句子中有表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，反意疑問(wèn)句要用相應(yīng)表示過(guò)去的助動(dòng)詞，反之就用have或has構(gòu)成反意疑問(wèn)句。 【高考體驗(yàn)】 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞解題技巧： 1. 充分利用句子語(yǔ)境，弄清各個(gè)被考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的意思。 2. 根據(jù)上下文信息確定時(shí)態(tài)，尤其要分清情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表推測(cè)時(shí)涉及的是現(xiàn)在情況還是過(guò)去情況。 3. 注意分清適用句型，是用于肯定句型，還是用于疑問(wèn)句型或否定句型。 1. (2013大綱版全國(guó)卷)Since nobody gave him any help, he ______ have done the research on his own. A. can B. must C. would D. need 解題關(guān)鍵：弄清since從句的含義。 思路分析：選B?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)。句意：因?yàn)闆](méi)有人幫助他，他一定獨(dú)自完成了這項(xiàng)研究。can表示推測(cè)時(shí)，常用于否定句和疑問(wèn)句，用于肯定句時(shí)，表示理論上對(duì)客觀情況的推測(cè)；must表示有把握的推測(cè)時(shí)，只能用于肯定句，推測(cè)的可能性很大，譯為“一定”；would常用于虛擬，不用于推測(cè)；need表示推測(cè)時(shí)，常用于否定句。由此可知選B。 2. (2013陜西高考)The children ______ lost in the woods; otherwise, they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled. A. must have got B. must get C. should have got D. should get 解題關(guān)鍵：理解第二分句的句意。 思路分析：選A?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：孩子們一定在森林里迷路了；否則他們會(huì)按照預(yù)定時(shí)間來(lái)到湖邊營(yíng)地的。根據(jù)后半句“would have been”可知是對(duì)過(guò)去事情的虛擬，must have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的肯定推測(cè)，根據(jù)句意，應(yīng)選A。 3. (2013四川高考)—Why are your eyes so red?You ______ have slept well last night. —Yeah,I stayed up late writing a report. A. can’t B. mustn’t C. needn’t D. won’t 思路分析：選A。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：——你的眼為什么那么紅？昨晚你肯定沒(méi)睡好。 ——是的，我熬夜寫(xiě)一篇報(bào)道了。A項(xiàng)can’t have done表示對(duì)過(guò)去的否定推測(cè)；B項(xiàng)表示“禁止，不允許”，不能用于對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)；C項(xiàng)needn’t have done表示過(guò)去不需要做某事(但卻做了)；D項(xiàng)不能用于對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)。 4. (2013浙江高考)I ______ myself more—it was a perfect day. A. shouldn’t have enjoyed B. needn’t have enjoyed C. wouldn’t have enjoyed D. couldn’t have enjoyed 思路分析：選D?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：我玩得再開(kāi)心不過(guò)了——這是完美的一天。D項(xiàng)表示不可能做過(guò)……，這里是用比較級(jí)的否定形式表示最高級(jí)的意思，故選D。A項(xiàng)表示本不該做卻做了……；B項(xiàng)表示本不必做卻做了……；C項(xiàng)將不會(huì)做……，用于與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。 5. (2012江西高考)We ______ have bought so much food now that Suzie won’t be with us for dinner. A．may not B．needn’t C．can’t D．mustn’t 思路分析：選B。needn’t have done表示過(guò)去本來(lái)沒(méi)有必要做某事但已經(jīng)做了，符合句意；may not have done 過(guò)去可能沒(méi)做過(guò)某事；can’t have done過(guò)去不可能做過(guò)某事；must表示推測(cè)，不用于否定句，因此選B。may not可能不，needn’t不需要，can’t不可能。 6. (2012北京高考)We ______ the difficulty together, but why didn’t you tell me? A. should face B. might face C. could have faced D. must have faced 單項(xiàng)填空 1. —Did Mary come to the party？ —I don’t know. She ______ while I was out. A. may have come B. must have come C. might come D. could come 【解析】選A。句意：——瑪麗來(lái)參加聚會(huì)了嗎？——我不知道。當(dāng)我出去的時(shí)候她可能已經(jīng)來(lái)過(guò)了。may have done猜測(cè)過(guò)去可能發(fā)生但不知是否真的發(fā)生的事情。符合題意，故選A。 2. You ______ yesterday if you were really serious about the job. A. ought to come B. ought to be coming C. ought to have come D. ought have come 【解析】選C?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：如果你真認(rèn)真對(duì)待這項(xiàng)工作的話，你昨天就該來(lái)?！皊hould/ought to+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”可表示本該做而沒(méi)有做的事，有責(zé)備的含義。 3. He ______ have finished his work;otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying music in his study. A. should B. must C. wouldn’t D. can’t 【解析】選B。從題干的后半部分可知，“他正欣賞音樂(lè)”，所以一定是“做完了工作”才去欣賞音樂(lè)的。所以選must，表示肯定的推測(cè)。 4. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There ______ be twelve. A. should B. would C. will D. shall 【解析】選A?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：你什么意思？只有10張票嗎？應(yīng)該是12張。should表示可能性推測(cè)，意為“應(yīng)該”，符合題意。would表過(guò)去將來(lái)；will表意愿；shall表示說(shuō)話人的允許，許諾，命令,威脅等語(yǔ)氣，均不合題意。 5. One of the few things you ______ say about British people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather. A. need B. must C. should D. can 【解析】選D?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法。句意：你能夠確定地說(shuō)的關(guān)于英國(guó)人的為數(shù)不多的事情之一就是他們對(duì)天氣討論很多。can表示“可以”。 6. She ______ have left school, for her bike is still here. A. can’t B. wouldn’t C. shouldn’t D. needn’t 【解析】選A。考查“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋have done”結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：她不可能離開(kāi)了學(xué)校，因?yàn)樗淖孕熊?chē)仍然在這兒。can’t表示不可能；wouldn’t have done表虛擬；shouldn’t have done本不該做(卻已做了)；needn’t have done本沒(méi)必要做(但已做了)。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)選A。 7. He ______ have completed his work; otherwise, he wouldn’t be enjoying himself by the seaside. A．should B．must C．wouldn’t D．can’t 【解析】選B?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞對(duì)過(guò)去有把握的推測(cè)。“must have＋動(dòng)詞-ed形式”表示對(duì)過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情的肯定判斷，意思是“(過(guò)去)一定做過(guò)某事”。 8. —Do you know where David is? I couldn’t find him anywhere. —Well. He ______ have gone far—his coat’s still here. A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．wouldn’t 【解析】選C。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞對(duì)過(guò)去的推測(cè)用法。根據(jù)“他的衣服還在這里”推測(cè)，前面一句意思是“他肯定沒(méi)有走遠(yuǎn)”。must也可以表示推測(cè)，但只能用于肯定句，否定推測(cè)用can’t。 9. She is two hours late. What ______ to her? A．may happen B．is happening C．can have happened D．must have happened 【解析】選C。本題對(duì)時(shí)間的理解是關(guān)鍵。happen 一詞的時(shí)間應(yīng)理解為過(guò)去時(shí)，因?yàn)樗傅氖沁t到的原因，而A、B兩項(xiàng)是指現(xiàn)在，故排除。表示“可能”的疑問(wèn)句不可用 must, 所以D也是錯(cuò)誤的，因此，只能選C。 10. —Did you listen to the speech? —No, we ______ it. But we had a lot of traffic on our way. A．could have attended B．must have attended C．could attend D．shouldn’t have attended 【解析】選A?？疾榈氖翘摂M語(yǔ)氣，表示“本來(lái)能做某事但實(shí)際上卻沒(méi)做”，即與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反，要用could＋have done形式。 11. (2013唐山高一檢測(cè))—What do you think of the film Avatar? —It ______ be better. I even want to see it twice. A．won’t B．couldn’t C．shouldn’t D．mightn’t 【解析】選B?？疾榍閼B(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：——你覺(jué)得電影《阿凡達(dá)》怎么樣？——再好不過(guò)了，我甚至想看第二次。can’t/couldn’t與比較級(jí)連用，表示“再也沒(méi)有更……的了”。類(lèi)似的用法還有“I couldn’t agree more. (我完全同意。)”。 12. —Mum，would you please buy me an MP5 player? —If you can help do the dishes the whole vacation, you ______ have one as a reward. A．must B．need C．would D．shall 【解析】選D。考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。答句句意：如果你整個(gè)假期能夠幫忙洗盤(pán)子的話，就會(huì)得到一個(gè)MP5作為回報(bào)。shall用于第一、三人稱(chēng)問(wèn)句中表示征詢(xún)對(duì)方意見(jiàn)；shall用于第二、三人稱(chēng)的肯定句中，表示“警告、許諾、命令、威脅”等語(yǔ)氣。本題中shall表示允諾。 13．(2013南昌高一檢測(cè))The weather turned out to be fine yesterday. You ______ the trouble to carry your raincoat with you. A．should have taken B．could have taken C．needn’t have taken D．mustn’t have taken 【解析】選C。句意：昨天天氣很好，你本來(lái)不必費(fèi)力帶著雨衣的。should have done本應(yīng)做某事，但卻沒(méi)做；could have done可能做了某事；needn’t have done沒(méi)有必要做某事，但卻做了。根據(jù)句意C項(xiàng)最佳。must表推測(cè)時(shí)不能用在否定句中。 14．(2013石家莊高一檢測(cè))—John looks a bit upset. Did you tell him the bad news? —Yes, but I ______ him after his birthday party. A．should have told B．must have told C．shouldn’t have told D．needn’t have told 【解析】選A?！凹s翰看起來(lái)有點(diǎn)難過(guò)”，因此“我本應(yīng)該在他生日聚會(huì)之后再告訴他這個(gè)壞消息的”。should have done本該做某事(但是沒(méi)有做)；shouldn’t have done本不該做但卻做了。 15．(2013北京高一檢測(cè))—The traffic is heavy now, so Mike ______ come late. —Let’s wait ten more minutes. A．will B．need C．may D．shall 敘事性記敘文 【互動(dòng)導(dǎo)學(xué)】 ◎?qū)W生：老師，敘事性記敘文可以從哪幾個(gè)方面來(lái)寫(xiě)呢？ ◎老師：一要交代事情發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)；二要交代推動(dòng)事件情節(jié)發(fā)展的因素；最后要談一下個(gè)人對(duì)這件事的感想或想法等。 ◎?qū)W生：這類(lèi)作文要以寫(xiě)什么為主呢？ ◎老師：以敘事為主，而寫(xiě)人為輔。 ◎?qū)W生：也應(yīng)按照事情發(fā)展的時(shí)間順序展開(kāi)描述嗎？ ◎老師：對(duì)，但有時(shí)可以采用倒敘或插敘等。 【典題示例】 假設(shè)你是李華，請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下內(nèi)容給你在美國(guó)的朋友Richard寫(xiě)一封120個(gè)詞左右的E-mail，向他描述你遇到外星人的經(jīng)歷。 1. 下晚自習(xí)后，在回家的路上看見(jiàn)三角形不明飛行物； 2. 從飛行物上走出外星人向你問(wèn)路； 3. 你給他指明方向，他友好地向你告別。 參考詞匯：小巷alley；三角形triangle；外星人alien 【審題謀篇】 項(xiàng) 目 結(jié) 論 體 裁 話 題 時(shí) 態(tài) 人 稱(chēng) 記敘文 描述外星人 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 第三人稱(chēng)為主，第一人稱(chēng)為輔 【詞句推敲】 1. 詞匯： ①出現(xiàn) _____________________ ②確信 _________________ __________________ ③向……微笑 _______ ④向某人道別 ___________________________ appear;turn up;show up be sure;make sure; be convinced of/that smile at say goodbye to sb. ;farewell sb. 2. 句式： ①I(mǎi) was riding through a small dark alley after evening class, and suddenly at that time a strong light shone me. (用when 作并列連詞) __________________________________________________ __________________________ I was riding through a small dark alley after evening class when a strong light shone me. ②Perhaps, with the development of science it will become obvious whether aliens exist in the world. (用it is likely that. . . 句型) It is _____ that whether aliens exist in the world will become obvious with the development of science. ③Then I found out that it was a triangle flying machine, and I was sure I had never seen it before. (用定語(yǔ)從句合并句子) Then I found out that it was a triangle flying machine __________ I was sure I had never se